How to Grow a Maple Tree from Seeds

Most maple seeds are ready for harvesting in the fall, although a couple of species ripen in late spring. There are over a hundred different species of Maple trees and depending on the variety, range between 30 and 150 feet tall. They are well-known for their distinct foliage, hardwood and maple syrup. Follow these steps to grow a maple tree in your yard from seed.

Step 1 - Harvesting Maple Seeds

As maple fruit ripens, it will turn from green to yellow to brown. When it is fully ripened, it will fall from the tree where it can be collected. Most maple seeds will ripen in the autumn. However, some seeds ripen in late spring or early summer.

The seeds of the silver and red maple don't need a period of stratification; they can be planted immediately after harvesting. The other maple trees can also be planted immediately after harvesting (in the autumn), but they will have a better chance at germination if they are stored in refrigeration for a period of stratification before planting.

Step 2 - Stratifying Maple Seeds

Most maple seeds should be stored over the winter in a refrigerator for more than 90 days and less than 120 days. The temperature should be kept between 33 and 41 degrees Fahrenheit. Store seeds in a 50/50 mixture of sand and peat moss. Place in a perforated plastic Ziploc bag and leave the refrigerator for the required time of stratification.

You can start the stratification in late autumn, but after the 100 days are up, you will have to first plant the seeds in pots and keep them inside until the danger of frost is over. If you want to plant directly outside after stratification in late spring, store the seeds in a paper bag until 100 days before the end of the frost.

Step 3 - Planting Maple Seeds

Seeds should be sown in a sandy loam, about 1/2 inches under the surface. Plant in 6-inch pots if there is still danger of frost or wind or directly outside if not. Water regularly, allowing the ground to dry out before watering again.

Step 4 - Caring for and Transplanting Seedlings

Once sprouted, seedlings should receive about 50% shade. If they are outside where they can't receive much natural shade, install a shade cloth or snow fence over the seedlings to provide them with shade. Transplant seedlings outdoors after danger of frost when seedlings are about 4 inches high. Continue watering thoroughly, allowing the soil to dry completely between each watering cycle. 

Saplings can be transplanted into a permanent location when they are between the ages of 1 to 2 years.