How to Operate a Backup Generator: Manual Switch

A backup generator is useful in the event of a power outage. There are two types of backup generators available. The first will switch on automatically when the power goes out, which is good where there are facilities which rely on electricity, such as hospitals. For home, however, a backup generator with a manual transfer switch is perfectly adequate, as long as you know how to operate it properly.

Step 1 - Power Goes Out

If the power in your area goes out you should do nothing immediately. There’s often a good chance that the electricity will come back in just a few minutes. Use candles for light if necessary. If the power hasn’t returned after an hour and the weather remains bad you should take out your portable generator.

Step 2 - Manual Transfer Switch

Unless you’re simply going to plug appliances directly into outlets on the backup generator or use an extension cord, you’ll need a manual transfer switch fitted to your service panel. You should have a qualified electrician fit this. It’s a vital piece of equipment for using a backup generator. When the generator is plugged into it and it’s switched on, it takes those particular circuits that are hooked up to it off the grid.

You don’t want to have the circuits on the grid when you’re using a backup generator. If the electricity comes back on and you’re not off the grid there will be a huge power surge into your house that can severely damage your service panel and your appliances.

Step 3 - Service Panel

Before you plug in the backup generator, switch off each of the breakers and ensure every single one is off. When you’ve done this, turn off the main power switch for the house. This will ensure you don’t have a surge when you run the generator. Turn the manual transfer switch to the “Off” setting.

Step 4 - Starting the Generator

Most generators will start by pulling a cord. You might need to prime the motor first, but that’s not necessary with most modern backup generators. Before starting the generator, check that there’s ample fuel in the tank and top up if needed. Keep the generator in a well ventilated area. Outside is deal, depending on the weather. You should discuss this with the electrician when he fits the manual transfer switch.

Step 5 - Connecting the Generator

Once the generator is running, take the appropriate cord and connect the backup generator to the manual transfer switch. Flip the power to the house back on and turn the breakers on one by one.

When you’ve done this you’re ready to turn on the manual transfer switch. It has three settings, “Off,” “Line” and “Generator.” Turn the switch to “Generator” and the circuits that are connected to the switch will come back on. Your backup generator will power the fixtures and appliances controlled by those circuits. When the electricity returns you can simply turn the switch to “Line” and power down your backup generator.