Platform Framing vs Balloon Framing

Balloon framing is one of the earlier wood construction methods. Light frames of wood are constructed around studs which run continuously from top to bottom of a building. The roof is a truss structure that consists of horizontal ceiling joists and sloping rafters. Platform framing is a more modern approach in construction. It utilizes plates to enable the upward extension of a building. Floor joists for each story are supported by the top plate of the floor underneath. The main difference between the two types occurs at the floor lines.

Platform Framing Advantages

It is a simpler construction process compared to balloon construction. The technique involved also makes it a quicker method of construction. One structure is constructed and is well supported by a foundation. Builders then use the first level as a platform to project the next floor. The process continues until the desired number of floors is achieved. Rafters and roof joists are erected on the final tier of walls. Platform framing utilizes less wood. Additionally, smaller pieces of wood can be used on the wall frames. No fire stopping is necessary because the stud spaces are enclosed by the floor platforms. The safety level for workers is higher with platform framing. This is because walls can be fabricated down on the floor. The technique also requires less labor. This helps to keep construction costs within reasonable limits.

Disadvantages

Structural problems may occur after completion of the house. This is because the joists and headers experience interruption from the sub-floor. Vertical shrinkage is likely when the wood dries. This may destabilize siding materials, resulting in frequent maintenance.

Balloon Framing Advantages

Fewer problems are expected once construction is complete. Drywall cracking is unlikely. This adds to the durability of the building. Balloon construction is useful where a vaulted ceiling or two-story open foyer is desirable. Where a tall chimney is preferred, the balloon technique is also useful. With balloon framing, you get more flexibility in window design. Angled or arched window tops are easier to achieve. Large or vaulted windows are also more workable with the balloon technique than platform framing. The technique creates a higher resilience structure due to the longer wall frames used. The building is better able to withstand high speed or gusty winds.

Disadvantages

In the event of a fire, the building is likely to be destroyed more quickly. This is because the structure provides an easy path for fire to travel from one floor to the next. It becomes necessary to install fire stops on each level. Balloon framed buildings don’t have insulation between a room and its exterior walls. This contributes to increased energy utilization, hence higher costs. Additionally, the long framing members used in construction pushes up construction costs. Walls constructed turn out to be very heavy. To raise these walls, more labor, skill and specialized equipment is required. It also increases the risk during work.