Water spots on wood table

HELLO, I put a wood table outside to sand and revarnish. I used Citrstrip stripping gel to remove the varnish. Then I stained. I had not yet varnished.
During the night rain got under the tarp that was over the table.
Now it is covered with discoloration all over it.
Do you know what I should do now? It is very hard wood so just sanding it is not helping. It's as if the discoloration is deep into the wood.
Applying more stain helps but the discoloration still shows through.
What would you do?

Water drops all over the stain


Shall I use the stripper to remove the stain and start over?

 

Unsealed wood is very prone to being stained like this. I would try wood bleach (oxalic acid).