Wiring a subpanel

Ok I am looking to run some electrical out to my garage. It is detached so I will need thwn/thhn, conduit, etc. I will be running #10 wire.

Ive posted before on this a while back to get an idea of what i would need and costs. I was told to run wiring from my Main Panel (house) to the garage subpanel. I was told to use either a 60 or 100amp breaker for feed to the subpanel, and connect a ground bar. The panel/wiring would handle up to 30amp breakers.

First question, is what is the difference between the 60 and 100amp breakers in the sub panel?
Second, if I am running red,white,black as #10 wire can I run the ground as #10 or would it need to be #8?
Will the #10 handle 30 amp breakers?

This wiring will be for multiple outlets in my garage to run fluorescent lighting fixtures and power a number of tools- More than likely one tool will be powered at a time only, but lets says I have a grinder and a 120v welder going, will it handle it?

 

What is the full load amps of the welder and the duty cycle?

 

The 60 amp breaker will act as the disconnect for the sub and will need a backfed retention device. You will buy a panel and a breaker. You can buy a panel with a 100 amp main breaker.