I would like to build a bathroom in my basement. What are the recommended distances for the toilet from the wall and other fixtures.

Tearflop

 

I've never seen anything on recommended fixture spacing, if that is what you are talking about. I like to allow at least 32" width for a toilet. Then, if you have a tub or shower, allow for that width/depth. As far as the sink, I guess you could get by with 24" or less depending on if you have a wall mounted sink of some sort of base cabinet. If you have a 60" tub/shower in the room, this pretty well dictates that the room should be framed 60.5" wide. Bathroom base cabinets range from 18"-21" in depth. With a tub/shower depth of 32", toilet allowance of 32" and sink/vanity width of 24", the minimum room size is 60.5" X 87" (1" added for 1/2" drywall on each end). I'd suggest at least a 2'6" door (30") for access.